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How do I calculate my Khums?
- Savings end of the year $
- Annual business profits & assets $
- Unused gifts (in a full year) $
- Unused items (in a full year) $
- Any other income $
- Remainder on last years savings on which khums was already paid $
- Total profit 0.
How much percent is Khums?
Khums (Shi’a Islam)
Khums means ‘a fifth’ (or 20 per cent) in Arabic. It is the sixth of the Ten Obligatory Acts of Shi’a Islam. This tax is paid on any profit earned by Shi’a Muslims.
What should I pay for Khums?
2. What are the financial gains that are liable for Khums? Essentially, all forms of income whether they be through work or inheritance are liable. They include net savings, haram and halal wealth, buried treasure, minerals, spoils of war, and gems obtained from sea diving.
Who do we give Khums to?
He explained that during the time Muhammad was alive, khums was divided into five portions, the first portion was for Allah and his messenger and given to Muhammad, the second portion was for Muhammad’s family members, the remaining three to the Muslim poor, orphans and wayfarers.
What is the difference between Zakat and Khums?
According to Shi’a Grand Ayatollah Imam Muhammed Shirazi, a second difference is with respect to the amount of tax applied under the two systems, since, for khums the rate is one fifth or 20 per cent, but, “zakat tax rate ranges from one-out-of-one-hundred to one-out-of-forty” (Shirazi.uk.org 10 July 2001).
What are the benefits of Khums?
These donations are used to assist the orphans and the needy, aid in relief efforts from disasters such as war, earthquakes and famine, as well as support the institutions that contribute to the growth and propagation of Islamic knowledge.
Why do Shias not give zakat?
The hadiths admonish those who do not give the zakat. According to the hadith, refusal to pay or mockery of those who pay zakat is a sign of hypocrisy, and God will not accept the prayers of such people. The sunna also describes God’s punishment for those who refuse or fail to pay zakat.
How is nisab calculated?
The Nisab by the silver standard is 21 ounces of silver (612.36 grams) or its equivalent in cash. You can calculate this online, by multiplying the number of grams by the current market value of silver.
What is khams tax?
Khams meant one-fifth of the booty captured during wars (four-fifth was left for the soldiers). It is a 20% tax that must be paid on all items which are regarded as ghanima (booty seized with war). Other Islamic taxes are zakat and Jizya.
What are the 10 obligatory acts?
- Salat.
- Nahil Anril Munkar.
- Amr-bil-Maroof.
- Khums.
- Zakat.
- Tabarra.
- Hajj.
- Tawalia.
Why do Muslims give sadaqah?
Sadaqa Brings Balance to the Society and Benefits the Community. Giving Sadaqah to the orphans, widows, sick and needy ensures we live in a much fairer society by sharing the wealth. Sadaqah does not only mean giving money but it can be any act of kindness. The Prophet said: “Your smile for your brother is a charity.
What is USHR?
ushr – a 10% tax on the harvests of irrigated land and 10% tax on harvest from rain-watered land and 5% on Land dependent on well water. The term has also been used for a 10% tax on merchandise imported from states that taxed the Muslims on their products.
How much is zakat?
Zakat is payable at 2.5% of the wealth one possesses above the nisab. Nisab, which is equal to 85 grams of 24k gold, is the minimum amount of wealth one must have before they are liable to pay zakat.
What does Amr Bil Maruf mean?
Amr-bil Maruf (also spelt Amr-bil-Maroof) refers to encouraging people to do what is good. Maruf is anything that has been approved in Shari’ah law . Nahi Anil Munkar means forbidding evil by discouraging people from doing what is wrong. Tawallah (also spelt Tawalla) refers to showing love.
How much is zakat?
Zakat is payable at 2.5% of the wealth one possesses above the nisab. Nisab, which is equal to 85 grams of 24k gold, is the minimum amount of wealth one must have before they are liable to pay zakat.
What is tabarra Shia?
Tabarri (Arabic: تبري) is a doctrine that refers to the obligation of disassociation with those who oppose God and those who caused harm to and were the enemies of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. As Shi’as believe, they believe that the imamate is the inheritor of Risala (apostleship), thus it is the protector of Islam.
What are the 10 obligatory acts?
- Salat.
- Nahil Anril Munkar.
- Amr-bil-Maroof.
- Khums.
- Zakat.
- Tabarra.
- Hajj.
- Tawalia.
What is USHR in Islam?
ushr – a 10% tax on the harvests of irrigated land and 10% tax on harvest from rain-watered land and 5% on Land dependent on well water. The term has also been used for a 10% tax on merchandise imported from states that taxed the Muslims on their products.
Khums Calculator » The Zahra Trust
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Khums – Fulfil Your Islamic Dues Today! | The Zahra Foundation
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KHUMS IJAZA
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Khums – Wikipedia
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Contents
Etymology[edit]
Types[edit]
Distribution[edit]
Khums in history[edit]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
External links[edit]
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Khums – Fulfil Your Islamic Dues Today! | The Zahra Foundation
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- Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Khums – Fulfil Your Islamic Dues Today! | The Zahra Foundation CALCULATE YOUR KHUMS. Savings end of the year $. Annual business profits & assets $. Unused gifts (in a full year) $. Unused items (in a full year) $. Islamic Charity – Khums and Sadaqa JariyaIt can be confusing calculating exactly how much Khums we need to pay, we want to make it easy for you. Use this easy calculator to find out what you need to pay this year.
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CALCULATE YOUR KHUMS
KHUMS IJAZA
khums-calculator – Majlis e Ulama e Shia Europe
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Majlis e Ulama e Shia Europe An Organisation of Shia Scholars And Communities
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» Khums
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What is Khums
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Al-Khums, how to estimate its value
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CHAPTER SIX» The One-Fifth Tax (Khums) – Islamic Laws – The Official Website of the Office of His Eminence Al-Sayyid Ali Al-Husseini Al-Sistani
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6 Facts about Khums to help you easily understand it!
Islam is a holistic religion, not only does it provide spiritual guidance, it outlines every aspect of life including financial responsibilities that every Muslim must uphold. Today, we will discuss 6 key facts about Khums to help us understand what sometimes can be seen as a daunting topic!
Before we begin, what is Khums?
Khums is a twenty per cent obligatory Islamic tax on some items that we own, payable under specific conditions. There are a few key facts to understanding Khums so let’s begin so we can all better understand Khums and its implications!
1. What does the Qu’ran say about Khums?
“Know that whatever of a thing you acquire, a fifth of it is for Allah, for the Messenger, for the near relative, and the orphans, the needy and the wayfarer” (8:41). Allah (SWT) in the Holy Qu’ran outlines for us exactly the purpose of Khums.
2. What are the financial gains that are liable for Khums?
Essentially, all forms of income whether they be through work or inheritance are liable. They include net savings, haram and halal wealth, buried treasure, minerals, spoils of war, and gems obtained from sea diving. Interestingly, some financial gains are only paid for Khums if unused for a year. These include inheritance, items such as clothing, household goods/provisions and property and savings that have not been used for a year. Of course, in the modern world, some of these categories occur more than others, for example, it is more likely that you will have unused clothing or household goods in comparison to finding buried treasure.
3. Who should pay Khums?
Every individual Muslim who has reached the age of puberty and is of sound mind. For minors, it becomes the parents’ or guardians’ duty to pay it.
4. When should khums be paid?
There are 2 ways a Muslim can pay Khums. First, they can pay Khums upon receipt of the gain immediately. This means to pay the Khums on things which you think will be more than what you require once you own them.
The second, which might be easier, is to fix an annual date as the Khums annual date. On this date, one should pay Khums on the surplus of what one has for the preceding year.
5. How is Khums calculated?
In order to understand how Khums is calculated we have divided life’s expenditures into major categories: food, clothing and furniture, property, cash and debts.
Food: Whatever foodstuff exists in your possession, which is unused and which has a monetary value should be counted.
Clothing and furniture: Consider your unused or extra items acquired during the last year, and one-fifth of them should be paid as Khums.
Property: If you require, for example, two cars and you own three, you have to pay Khums on the third car. Or if you have a house which suffices your need, but you have purchased another home, the latter is considered a surplus of your needs and the Khums should be paid on it.
Cash: One-fifth of all money that is saved and is at hand needs to be paid as Khums.
Debts and loans: If your money is lent to someone else, after one year Khums becomes due on it.
TOP TIP: Use our Khums Calculator to help you with this step!
6. How to pay Khums?
After calculating the items on which Khums should be paid, there are two ways to pay Khums: First way is to give one-fifth of the commodity itself. So for example, if you have 5 kilos of rice, pay 1 kilo as Khums. The second way is to pay the cash equivalent according to the market value. So instead of giving the one kilo of rice, you pay its cash equivalent.
Keep in mind, Khums is a matter which you should double-check with your Marja. Your Marja will also let you know where you can donate your Khums. The Zahra Foundation has Khums Ijaza from Ayatullah Sistani, Ayatullah Basheer Hussain Najafi, Ayatullah Ishaq al Fayadh and Ayatullah Sayed Al Hakim, meaning if you are a muqalid of any of these Maraja you can pay your khums to The Zahra Foundation who will allocate the funds accordingly.
Follow any of these Maraja? Donate your khums now!
Wikipedia
One-fifth tax in Islam
For the city in Libya, see Al-Khums
In Islam, khums (Arabic: خُمْس Arabic pronunciation: [xums], literally ‘one fifth’) refers to the required religious obligation of any Muslims to pay one-fifth of their acquired wealth from certain sources toward specified causes. It is treated differently in Shia and Sunni Islam. This tax is paid to the imam, caliph or sultan, representing the state of Islam,[1][2] for distribution between the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler.[3]
In Sunni Islam tradition, the scope of khums tax has been ghanim, which is defined as the spoils of war. In Shia Islam tradition, states Abdulaziz Sachedina, the scope of khums tax has included, (1) booty (al-ghanima), (2) objects obtained from the sea (al-ghaws), (3) treasure (al-kanz), (4) mineral resources (al-ma’adin), (5) gainful earnings (arbaah al-makaasib, business profits), (6) the lawful (al-halaal) which has become mixed up with the unlawful (al-haraam), and (7) land which is transferred from a Muslim to a dhimmi (a free non-Muslim who is adheres to the law and is protected by the Islamic state they reside in) by the latter’s purchase of it.[2][4] The recipients of the collected khums have been the descendants of Muhammad and the Islamic clergy.[5][6]
Khums is a 20% tax that must be paid on all items regarded as ghanima (Arabic: الْغَنيمَة, booty seized with war). There are differing legal traditions within Islam about what constitutes ghanima, and thus how far-reaching khums should be. In some jurisdictions, khums included a 20% tax paid on minerals extracted in regions under the control of the state. Khums is different and separate from other Islamic taxes such as zakat and jizya.[1][7]
Etymology [ edit ]
The Arabic term khums literally means one-fifth. It is referred to as “Earnings,Profits,property holdings,savings ” based on the Quran and various Hadiths. In other words, Khums and ghanima are revealed in the Quran.[4]
Concept [ edit ]
Khums means “one-fifth or 20%”.[4] In Islamic legal terminology, it means one-fifth of certain items that a person acquires as wealth must be paid to the state of Islam. This is one[8] of many forms of tax in Islamic jurisprudence that applies on ghanima and fai (or fay). In the early and middle history of Islam, ghanima was property and wealth that was looted by the Muslim army after attacking the unbelievers. Fai was that property and wealth that was gained from confiscation without strife, that is if the unbelievers refused to fight or violently opposed the raid.[9] Over time, the concept and scope of ghanima was expanded by Islamic scholars, and variations emerged between Sunni and Shia scholars over interpreting the definition of ghanima. Similarly, the percentage of fai was expanded to 100% using verse 59.7 of the Quran,[10] thus placing it beyond khums. The 80% amount left after paying the 20% khums, was distributed among the army commander and soldiers who attacked the unbelievers.[11][12]
There are differences of opinion about the scope of khums in Sunni and Shia sects of Islam, as well as who owns it and how the collected khums should be spent.[13]
Islamic scriptures [ edit ]
This teaching is repeated in Sahih Hadith.[14] According to Sahih al-Bukhari, when the delegates of the tribe of ‘Abdul-Qais met the prophet and asked him some advice, he told them to pay “Khums (i.e. one-fifth) of the war booty to Allah”.[a] As mentioned in Sahih Muslim, since the prophet appointed someone as a leader, he recommended some principals such as “Fight in the name of Allah and in the way of Allah. Fight against those who disbelieve in Allah. Make a holy war, do not embezzle the spoils [of war, booty]”.[b]
Through a lengthy Hadith recorded in Kitab al-Kafi (a Shia reference), the Prophet Muhammad has mentioned that those entitled to receive Al-Khums are the relatives of the Holy Prophet whom Allah has mentioned in his words, “Warn your close relatives.[c] They are the children of Abdul-Muttalib, men and women. None of the families of Quraysh or the Arabs or their slaves are lawful to receive al-Khums. The charities of the masses of people are lawful for their slaves to consume. One whose mother is from the family of Banu Hashim and his father from the masses of people, the charities are lawful for such person to consume. Such a person is not entitled to receive from al-Khums because Allah, the Most High has said, ‘Call them sons of their own fathers’.” [d][15]
Shia jurisprudence (Ja’fari) [ edit ]
Khums, in the Ja’fari Shia tradition, is applied to the business profit, or surplus, of a business income. It is payable at the beginning of the financial year, though this is regarded as being the time at which the amount becomes clear. Ghanima and one-fifth tax of khums applies wherever gain or profit is involved. “Ghanima” has two meanings as mentioned above; the second meaning is illustrated by the common use of the Islamic banking term “al-ghunm bil-ghurm” meaning “gains accompany liability for loss or risk”[16][17]
In 13th century Shia religion, the khums was divided into two portions. One portion went to the descendants of Muhammad, the other portion was divided equally with one part given to Imam and clergy, while the other part went to the orphaned and poor Muslims.[6] The famous view of contemporary Faqihs is that the Imam’s portion (during the Occultation (Islam)) is used in the fields that the Marja’ Taqlid has outlined. The Imam would use it in those ways, such as reinforcing Islam and Seminary, promotion of Islam, building mosques in necessary situations, libraries and schools’ affairs, assisting old people, and actually all blessing affairs in the order of their priority and their religious significance.[18] Khums became a major source of income and financial independence for the clergy in Shia regions. This practice has continued among Shia Muslims.[5]
It is narrated in Kitab al-Kafi that Imam Musa al-Kadhim would accept one dirham from the people, although he was one of the wealthiest in the city of Medina, to purify them. He compares this to Allah asking His creatures to lend to Him from their property, not because He is need, but rather it is His right as appointed guardian over His creatures.[15]
Sunni jurisprudence [ edit ]
Scholars of the four Sunni Schools of fiqh—Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi‘i and Hanbali—have historically considered khums’ 20% tax to be applicable on ghanayam (property, movable and immovable) booty seized in any raid or as a result of actual warfare, as well as buried treasure or resources extracted from land, sea, or mines.[19] Others, such as Abu Ubayd and Qardawi, say the khums applies to any windfall for Muslims, but not to income as is the case according to Shia scholars.[20]
Hanafi [ edit ]
The 8th century Hanafi scholar Abu Yusuf stated, according to Abdulaziz Sachedina, that the khums collected was historically distributed into three equal portions: one for Muhammad, which went to the caliph (or sultan) after Muhammad’s death; the second portion to the family of Muhammad; and the third portion shared among Muslim orphans, the poor, and wayfarers.[21] Abu Hanifa stated that the portion meant for Muhammad and his family should be used instead for amassing weapons and growing the Muslim army for further raids and wars against unbelievers.[21] Al-Shaybani interpreted Abu Hanifa to be suggesting that the collected khums tax should be spent equally on Muslim orphans, the poor and warfarers.[21]
Maliki [ edit ]
Malik ibn Anas, the founder of the Maliki sect of Sunni Islam, stated that the right to spend the khums belonged to the caliph (Imam) after the death of Muhammad, and he had freedom to dispose of the 20% khums tax collected from war booty between the poor and the rich as he wishes, and that he may, if he desired, give any part of the khums tax to Muhammad’s family.[21]
Al-Shafi‘i, the founder of the Shafii madhhab (school of thought) of Sunni Islam, provided two scenarios on how 20% khums tax on seized raid and war booty was to be spent.[21] He explained that during the time Muhammad was alive, khums was divided into five portions, the first portion was for Allah and his messenger and given to Muhammad, the second portion was for Muhammad’s family members, the remaining three to the Muslim poor, orphans and wayfarers.[21] After Muhammad’s death, the khums tax was divided into four portions, one for the family of Muhammad, and the other three for the general good of all Muslims.[21]
Most Muslim scholars after Al-Shafi’i agreed that a portion of the 20% khums tax should go to the descendants of Muhammad, but they disagreed on who these rightful descendants were.[21] These Islamic scholars also concurred that khums tax should be spent, among other things, to maintain the Muslim army and for the general good of the Muslims.[21]
Types [ edit ]
According to medieval Shia Muslim scholars Al-Tusi and Al-Hakim, seven items were subject to khums 20% tax:[2]
Al-ghanima, booty seized during a raid and the spoils of war. Arbdh al-mdkasib, the profit or the surplus of the income. Al-hardm, Al-haldl, the legitimately earned wealth which has become mixed with illegitimate wealth. Al-madin, mines and mineral resources extracted anywhere within the Islamic state.[22] Al-ghaws, objects obtained from sea. Al-kanz, treasure found. The land which is transferred to a non-Muslim dhimmi when the latter buys it from a Muslim, and which was previously acquired by the Islamic state by a treaty of surrender by the dhimmis.
Sunni scholars have confined the khums 20% tax to apply on only two items,[2][22][19]
Al-ghanima, يعني المصطلح العربي خُمس حرفياً الخمس. ويشار إليها باسم “الأرباح ، وحيازات الممتلكات ، والأرباح ، والمدخرات” استناداً إلى القرآن والأحاديث المختلفة. وبعبارة أخرى ، فإن القرآن والخمس يظهران في القرآن Al-madin, mines and mineral resources extracted anywhere within the Islamic state.
The Arabic word ghanima [23][24] has been interpreted to have several meanings:[1]
spoils of war, or war booty looted or confiscated from enemy / nonbelievers (of Islam) profit minerals or any other form of buried treasure[22]
After paying the 20% khums tax, the remaining 80% of the booty seized, spoils of war and treasure found was distributed among the commanders and soldiers as a reward for their effort, participating in the raid, or going to war against non-Muslims.[2] The origins of the khums, states Abdulaziz Sachedina, go back to “the pre-Islamic Arab custom wherein the chief was entitled to one fifth of the ghanima (booty) in addition to the safw al-ndl (the portion of the booty which especially attracted him). The remainder of the booty was normally divided among the raiders who had accompanied the chief, but the latter reserved the right to dispose of the ghanima as he chose”.[25]
Distribution [ edit ]
As the Quran mentions, khums should be paid to:[26]
Allah: the share of Allah is devoted to the Prophet but some Sunni scholars believe that it should be devoted to the Prophet’s relatives or Muslims in general The Messenger of Allah: the Shia considered it should be paid to the prophet’s successor, after his death The near relative of the Messenger who the Shia know as Imam The orphans The needy Stranded travelers
There are no major different views between Shia and Sunni scholars on how to distribute Khums.[27]
Khums in history [ edit ]
Africa [ edit ]
Khums was practiced by Muslim commanders who raided African communities from the 8th century through the early 20th century. However, khums was treated as a concept and the share of booty transferred to the Islamic state was 50%. For example, in 1919, the West African Muslim ruler Hamman Yaji recorded the following in his diary,[28]
“I raided the pagans of Rowa and captured 50 cattle and 33 slaves. We calculated my fifth share [khums] as 17 slaves and 25 cattle.” Hamman Yaji, Translated by Humphrey Fisher[29]
Similarly, from 8th to 10th century, the Berber people in North Africa were treated as pagans, raided and the booty of seized wealth and slaves were subject to khums.[30]
Europe [ edit ]
From the 8th century onwards, Southern Europe became a target of raids and military campaigns from Morocco and by the Ottoman Sultanate. After the conquest of Cordoba by Muslim armies, khums (20%) of all moveable booty seized from Christians and Jews after the war was transferred to the caliphal treasury, the rest was distributed among the commanders and Muslim soldiers of the invading army.[31] According to Musa Nusayr, the army commanders also set aside 20% of land vacated by non-Muslims to the caliph.[31] The land that was surrendered by Christians and Jews, but not vacated, became subject to jizya payable by the dhimmis. However, Ibn Hazm states that Muslim soldiers did not set aside or pay khums from the looted property or riches from the annexed land, each kept the spoils for himself.[31] This became one source of distrust and dispute between the Muslim rulers and clergy based in Africa and the new Caliphate of Cordoba in Southwestern Europe.[32] Outside Spain, Ghanima and Fay were sought from Muslim conquests in Sicily, Greece and Caucasian region of Europe. Khums was paid from all seized movable property to the caliphal treasury.[33]
India [ edit ]
From the 10th century through the 18th century, Muslim armies raided non-Muslim kingdoms of India. Some of these Muslim armies came from the northwest, consisting of Turko-Mongols, Persians and Afghans. In other times, these were commanders of Delhi Sultanate. War spoils and looted movable property from infidels (Hindus, Jains, Buddhists) was subject to khums.[34] The 20% tax was transferred to the treasury of the sultanate, and the 80% was distributed among the commanders, mounted soldiers and foot soldiers.[35] The mounted soldiers were given two to three times as much of the war booty as the foot soldiers. The collected war booty from the treasuries and temples of Hindus were an incentive for war, and the Khums (Ghanima tax) was a source of wealth for the sultans in India.[36][37] One batch of loot was from Warangal, and it included the Koh-i-Noor, one of the largest known diamonds in human history.[38][page needed]
See also [ edit ]
Notes [ edit ]
Majlis e Ulama e Shia Europe
Khums is the right of the Imām (as) and of the Sadaat. Therefore, it is paid in accordance with the following ayat of Qurān:
Know that whatever benefit you receive, one-fifth is for Allah and the Messenger, his close relatives, orphans, the poor, and the travellers, if you believe in Allah and what We revealed to Our servant on that decisive day when the two armies met. And Allah is Most Capable of everything.
(Surah Anfal, verse 41)
As such, khums is an act of worship and must be given with the right intention, i.e. for attaining proximity to Allah (qurbatan ilallah).
If khums is paid correctly, then the earnings of the person are purified and lawful (halāl). On the other hand, if khums is neglected, the earnings of the person will be regarded as ‘spiritually impure’ and can invite divine retribution in this world and the next.
Without khums, many important projects and many poor Muslims around the world would not receive the help they critically need.
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